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Recent research focused on improving the vehicle-to-vehicle communication(V2V) based on the 5G technology. The V2V application is important because itwill reduce the risk of accidents up to 70%-80%, improve traffic management,reduce congestion, and improve fuel consumption. Autonomous vehiclesapplications require a high bandwidth transmission channel where the 5Gcommunication channel would be a reliable solution to support this disruptivetechnology. The dedicated short-range communications (DSRC), which ischaracterized with a frequency bandwidth of 5.9 gigahertz (GHz) (4G spectrum),was used as vehicular connectivity with a bandwidth of up to 200 megabytes persecond (mb/s) and limited capacity. The 5G band can support connected multipleautonomous vehicles with high data rates and large bandwidth. In this study,the 5G communication channel is considered as vehicular connectivity with highbandwidth in the millimeter waves spectrum range. The quality of 5G wirelesscommunication channels between connected vehicles possibly be affected byweather conditions such as rain, snow, fog, dust, and sand. In this paper, weestimate the effect of dust and sand on the propagation of millimeter waves.The Mie model is used to investigate the effect of dust and sand storms on thepropagating mm-waves. The effect of dust and sand on the communication pathloss of DSRC and 5G frequency band is investigated in the case of urban freewayand rural highway settings. Results show that the attenuation of dust and sandis changed when the particle size of sand, frequency of propagating wave, andconcentration of dust are changed. Finally, the new model of link margin iscreated to estimate the effect of dust and sand on DSCR (5.9 GHz) and 5G (28GHz) communication path loss.

Impact of Weather Conditions on 5G Communication Channel under Connected Vehicles Framework