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Distributed resource allocation (RA) schemes have been introduced in cellularvehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) standard for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) sidelink(SL) communications to share the limited spectrum (sub-6GHz) efficiently.However, the recent progress in connected and automated vehicles and mobilityservices requires a huge amount of available spectrum resources. Therefore,millimeter-wave and sub-THz frequencies are being considered as they offer alarge free bandwidth. However, they require beamforming techniques tocompensate for the higher path loss attenuation. The current fifth-generation(5G) RA standard for SL communication is inherited from the previous C-V2Xstandard, which is not suited for beam-based communication since it does notexplore the spatial dimension. In this context, we propose a novel RA schemethat addresses the directional component by adding this third spatial dimensionto the bandwidth part structure and promotes cooperation between vehicles inresource selection, namely cooperative three-dimensional RA. Numerical resultsshow an average of 10% improvement in packet delivery ratio, an average 50%decrease in collision probability, and a 30% better channel busy ratio comparedto the current standard, thus, confirming the validity of the proposed method.

Spatial-Interference Aware Cooperative Resource Allocation for 5G NR Sidelink Communications