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A highly excited Rydberg atom via electromagnetically induced transparencywith two color cascading lasers has extreme sensitivity to electric fields ofmicrowave ranging from 100 MHz to over 1 THz. It can be used as susceptibleatom-based microwave communication antennas where the carrier wave usuallyworks exactly resonant to the transition between a pair of adjacent Rydbergstates with large electric dipole moment. A technique of superheterodyne with astrong on-resonant local microwave oscillator is employed to induceconsiderable Autler-Townes splitting where the antennas has a highest dynamicresponse to another weak target signal microwave carrier. To further improvethe sensitivity of atomic antenna in communication, we detune the carriermicrowave frequency off resonance forming an asymmetrically optical splittingand fix the coupling laser frequency at the shoulder of the stronger one, andoptimize the local field strength simultaneously. It gives a sensitivity of12.50(04) $\rm{nVcm^{-1}\cdot Hz^{-1/2}}$. Its enhancement mechanism ofsensitivity is also proved by a theoretical simulation.

Sensitivity improvement of Rydberg atom-based microwave sensing via electromagnetically induced transparency