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The results from a series of well characterised, unstable, miscibledisplacement experiments in a Hele Shaw cell with a quarter five-spotsource-sink geometry are presented, with comparisons to detailed numericalsimulation. We perform repeated experiments at adverse viscosity ratios from 1- 20 and Peclet numbers from 10$^4$ - 10$^6$ capturing the transition from 2Dto 3D radial fingering and experimental uncertainty. The open-access datasetprovides time-lapse images of the fingering patterns, transient effluentprofiles, and meta-information for use in model validation. We find thecomplexity of the fingering pattern increases with viscosity ratio and Pecletnumber, and the onset of fingering is delayed compared to linear displacements,likely due to Taylor dispersion stabilisation. The transition from 2D to 3Dfingering occurs at a critical Peclet number that is consistent with recentexperiments in the literature. 2D numerical simulations with hydrodynamicdispersion and different mesh orientations provide good predictions ofbreakthrough times and sweep efficiency obtained at intermediate Peclet numbersacross the range of viscosity ratios tested, generally within the experimentaluncertainty. Specific finger wavelengths, tip shapes, and growth are hard toreplicate; model predictions using velocity dependent longitudinal dispersionor simple molecular diffusion bound the fingering evolution seen in theexperiments, but neither fully capture both fine-scale and macroscopicmeasures. In both cases simulations predict sharper fingers than theexperiment. A weaker dispersion stabilisation seems necessary to capture theexperimental fingering at high viscosity ratio, which may also requireanisotropic components. 3D models with varying dispersion formulations shouldbe explored in future developments to capture the full range of effects at highviscosity ratio and Peclet number.

The effect of viscosity ratio and Peclet number on miscible viscous fingering in a Hele-Shaw cell: A combined numerical and experimental study