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We consider the problem of accurate channel estimation for OTFS based systemswith few transmit/receive antennas, where additional sparsity due to largenumber of antennas is not a possibility. For such systems the sparsity of theeffective delay-Doppler (DD) domain channel is adversely affected in thepresence of channel path delay and Doppler shifts which are non-integermultiples of the delay and Doppler domain resolution. The sparsity is alsoadversely affected when practical transmit and receive pulses are used. In thispaper we propose a Modified Maximum Likelihood Channel Estimation (M-MLE)method for OTFS based systems which exploits the fine delay and Doppler domainresolution of the OTFS modulated signal to decouple the joint estimation of thechannel parameters (i.e., channel gain, delay and Doppler shift) of all channelpaths into separate estimation of the channel parameters for each path. Wefurther observe that with fine delay and Doppler domain resolution, thereceived DD domain signal along a particular channel path can be written as aproduct of a delay domain term and a Doppler domain term where the delay domainterm is primarily dependent on the delay of this path and the Doppler domainterm is primarily dependent on the Doppler shift of this path. This allows usto propose another method termed as the two-step method (TSE), where the jointtwo-dimensional estimation of the delay and Doppler shift of a particular pathin the M-MLE method is further decoupled into two separate one-dimensionalestimation for the delay and for the Doppler shift of that path. Simulationsreveal that the proposed methods (M-MLE and TSE) achieve better channelestimation accuracy at lower complexity when compared to other known methodsfor accurate OTFS channel estimation.

Low Complexity Channel Estimation for OTFS Modulation with Fractional Delay and Doppler