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Handheld phone distraction is the leading cause of traffic accidents.However, few efforts have been devoted to detecting when the phone distractionhappens, which is a critical input for taking immediate safety measures. Thiswork proposes a phone-use monitoring system, which detects the start of thedriver's handheld phone use and eliminates the distraction at once.Specifically, the proposed system emits periodic ultrasonic pulses to sense ifthe phone is being held in hand or placed on support surfaces (e.g., seat andcup holder) by capturing the unique signal interference resulted from thecontact object's damping, reflection and refraction. We derive the short-timeFourier transform from the microphone data to describe such impacts and developa CNN-based binary classifier to discriminate the phone use between thehandheld and the handsfree status. Additionally, we design an adaptivewindow-based filter to correct the classification errors and identify eachhandheld phone distraction instance, including its start, end, and duration.Extensive experiments with fourteen people, three phones and two car modelsshow that our system achieves 99% accuracy of recognizing handheld phone-useinstances and 0.76-second median error to estimate the distraction's starttime.

Preventing Handheld Phone Distraction for Drivers by Sensing the Gripping Hand