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Since the analogy between laser oscillation and second-order phase transitionwas indicated in the 1970s, dynamical fluctuations on lasing threshold inherentin critical phenomena have gained significant interest. Here, we numericallyand experimentally demonstrate that a semiconductor laser subject to delayedoptical feedback can exhibit unusual large intensity fluctuations characterizedby power-law distributions. Such an intensity fluctuation consists of distinctintermittent bursts of light intensity, whose peak values attain tens of timesthe intensity of the maximum gain mode. This burst behavior emerges when alaser with a long time delay (over 100 ns) and an optimal feedback strengthoperates around the lasing threshold. The intensity and waiting time statisticsfollow power-law-like distributions. This implies the emergence ofnonequilibrium critical phenomena, namely self-organized criticality. Inaddition to numerical results, we report experimental results that suggest thepower-law intensity dynamics in a semiconductor laser with delayed feedback.

Power-law fluctuations near critical point in semiconductor lasers with delayed feedback