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The penetrations of lithium-ion batteries in transport, energy andcommunication systems are increasing rapidly. A meticulous model applicable forprecise in-situ monitoring and convenient online controlling is in sought tobridge the gap between research and applications. This paper proposes asimplified electro-chemical model and its discrete-time state-space realizationderived from the pseudo-two-dimensional model. The solution-phase migration andsolid-phase diffusion dynamics with varying parameters are captured andrigorous mathematical expressions of reaction rate distribution and terminalvoltage are derived. A simulation framework including initializing, stabilizingand closed-loop correcting schemes with low computation cost are designed.Numeric experiments on different types of batteries in various operatingscenarios are conducted for validation.

A simplified electro-chemical lithium-ion battery model applicable for in situ monitoring and online control