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The role of ionic electrostatics in colloidal processes is well-understood innatural and applied contexts; however, the electrostatic contribution ofzwitterions, known to be present in copious amounts in extremophiles, has notbeen extensively explored. In response, we studied the effects of glycine as asurrogate zwitterion, ion, and osmolyte on the electrostatic forces betweennegatively charged mica-mica and silica-silica interfaces. Our results revealthat while zwitterions layer at electrified interfaces and contribute tosolutions' osmolality, they do not affect at all the surface potentials, theelectrostatic surface forces (magnitude and range), and solutions' conductivityacross 0.3-30 mM glycine concentration. We infer that the zwitterionicstructure imposes an inseparability among the positive and negative charges andthat this inseparability prevents the buildup of a counter charge atinterfaces. These elemental experimental results pinpoint how zwitterionsenable extremophiles to cope with the osmotic stress without affecting finelytuned electrostatic force balance.

Zwitterions Layer at but Do Not Screen Electrified Interfaces