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Although collective cell migration (CCM) is a highly coordinated andfine-tuned migratory mode, instabilities in the form of cell swirling motion(CSM) often occur. The CSM represents a product of the active turbulenceobtained at low Reynolds number which has a feedback impact to variousprocesses such as morphogenesis, wound healing, and cancer invasion. The causeof this phenomenon is related to the viscoelasticity of multicellular systemsin the context of cell residual stress accumulation. Particular interest ofthis work is to: (1) emphasize the roles of cell shear and normal residualstress accumulated during CCM in the appearance of CSM and (2) consider thedynamics of CSM from the standpoint of rheology. Inhomogeneous distribution ofthe cell residual stress leads to a generation the viscoelastic force whichacts to suppress CCM and can induces the system rapid stiffening. This forcetogether with the surface tension force and traction force is responsible forthe appearance of the CSM. In this work, a review of existing literature aboutviscoelasticity caused by CCM is given along with assortment of publishedexperimental findings, in order to invite experimentalists to test giventheoretical considerations in multicellular systems.

Viscoelasticity and cell swirling motion