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The intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) technology has recently attracted alot of interest in wireless communications research. An IRS consists of passivereflective elements capable of tuning the phase, amplitude, frequency andpolarization of the impinging waveforms. Given such desirable properties, thewireless channel characteristics can be controlled and optimized for specificsignal design and processing needs -- thus promising significant potential inradar applications. In this paper, we establish the theoretical foundations forintroducing IRS into a radar system and study the potential to improve targetparameter estimation. More specifically, we will investigate the deployment ofIRS in cases where the line-of-sight (LOS) link is weak or blocked byobstructions. We demonstrate that the IRS can provide a virtual ornon-line-of-sight (NLOS) link between the radar and target leading to anenhanced radar performance. The effectiveness of such an IRS-provided virtuallink in estimating the moving target parameters is illustrated under bothoptimized and non-optimized IRS scenarios. Numerical simulations indicate thatthe IRS can enhance the target parameter estimation when the LOS link is weakerthan $\sim 10^{-1}$ in relative strength in comparison with the NLOS link.

IRS-Aided Radar: Enhanced Target Parameter Estimation via Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces