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Numerical simulation of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) procedure foradditive manufacturing (AM) is difficult due to the presence of multiple scalesin both time and space, ranging from the part scale (order ofmillimeters/seconds) to the powder scale (order of microns/milliseconds). Thisdifficulty is compounded by the fact that the regions of small-scale behaviorare not fixed, but change in time as the geometry is produced. While much workin recent years has been focused on resolving the problem of multiple scales inspace, there has been less work done on multiscale approaches for the temporaldiscretization of LPBF problems. In the present contribution, we extend on apreviously introduced two-level method in space by combining it with amultiscale time integration method. The unique transfer of information throughthe transmission conditions allows for interaction between the space and timescales while reducing computational costs. At the same time, all of theadvantages of the two-level method in space (namely its geometrical flexibilityand the ease in which one may deploy structured, uniform meshes) remain intact.Adopting the proposed multiscale time integration scheme, we observe acomputational speed-up by a factor $\times 2.44$ compared to the same two-levelapproach with uniform time integration, when simulating a laser sourcetraveling on a bare plate of nickel-based superalloy material following analternating scan path of fifty laser tracks.

A spatiotemporal two-level method for high-fidelity thermal analysis of laserpowder bed fusion