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In this work, novel physical layer security (PLS) schemes are proposed fororthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) to secure both data andpilots. The majority of previous studies focus on only securing the datawithout considering the security of the pilots used for channel estimation.However, the leakage of channel state information (CSI) from a legitimate nodeto an eavesdropper allows the latter to acquire knowledge about the channel ofthe legitimate nodes. To this end, we propose adaptive and flexible PLSalgorithms which can 1) secure data, 2) secure pilots, and 3) jointly secureboth data and pilots. Particularly, minimum-phase all-pass channeldecomposition is exploited, where the proposed algorithms use the all-passcomponent to provide security without harming the performance of the legitimateuser. In the analysis for data security, we evaluated the secrecy undercorrelated and uncorrelated eavesdropping channels via closed-form bit errorrate (BER) formulas. For pilot security, we analyzed the normalized meansquared error (NMSE) performance of the estimated channel. The simulationresults along with theoretical analysis demonstrate that the proposedalgorithms can effectively enhance the communication secrecy of the overallsystem.

Flexible Physical Layer Security for Joint Data and Pilots in Future Wireless Networks