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Topological boundary states, emerged at the spatial boundary betweentopological non-trivial and trivial phases, are usually gapless, or commonlyreferred as metallic states. For example, the surface state of a topologicalinsulator is a gapless Dirac state. These metallic topological boundary statesare typically well described by non-interacting fermions. However, the behaviorof topological boundary states with significant electron-electron interactions,which could turn the gapless boundary states into gapped ordered states, e.g.,density wave states or superconducting states, is of great interesttheoretically, but is still lacking evidence experimentally. Here, we reportthe observation of incommensurable charge density wave (CDW) formed on thetopological boundary states driven by the electron-electron interactions on the(001) surface of CoSi. The wavevector of CDW varies as the temperature changes,which coincides with the evolution of topological surface Fermi arcs withtemperature. The orientation of CDW phase is determined by the chirality of theFermi arcs, which indicates direct association between CDW and Fermi arcs. Ourfinding will stimulate the search of more interactions-driven ordered states,such as superconductivity and magnetism, on the boundaries of topologicalmaterials.

Charge instability of topological Fermi arcs in chiral crystal CoSi