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The problem of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in the presence ofnonuniform sensor noise is considered and a novel algorithm is developed. Thealgorithm consists of three phases. First, the diagonal nonuniform sensor noisecovariance matrix is estimated using an iterative procedure that requires onlyfew iterations to obtain an accurate estimate. The asymptotic variance of oneiteration is derived for the proposed noise covariance estimator. Second, aforward-only rooting-based DOA estimator as well as its forward-backwardaveraging extension are developed for DOA estimation. The DOA estimators takeadvantage of using second-order statistics of signal subspace perturbation inconstructing a weight matrix of a properly designed generalized least squaresminimization problem. Despite the fact that these DOA estimators are iterative,only a few iterations are sufficient to reach accurate results. The asymptoticperformance of these DOA estimators is also investigated. Third, a newlydesigned DOA selection strategy with reasonable computational cost is developedto select L actual sources out of 2L candidates generated at the second phase.Numerical simulations are conducted in order to establish the considerablesuperiority of the proposed algorithm compared to the the existingstate-of-the-art methods in challenging scenarios in both cases of uniform andnonuniform sensor noise.

DOA Estimation in Nonuniform Sensor Noise