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Cu K edge X-ray absorption spectra of overdoped superconducting$YSr_2Cu_{2.75}Mo_{0.25}O_{7.54}$ and $Sr_2CuO_{3.3}$ show a remarkably strongcorrelation of their superconductivity with the local dynamics of their Cu-Srand Cu-apical-O pairs. This finding that the entire alkaline earthcation-apical O "dielectric" layer has an active role in the unusual electronicproperties of cuprates has not been previously considered and has far reachingimplications. We develop this idea of a possible role for the apical oxygencharge dynamics via a soft mode of the Sr by applying Kuramoto'ssynchronization technique to exact diagonalization calculations of twoneighboring Cu-apical O pairs bridged by Sr and a planar O atom. Thesecalculations show a first order phase transition to a synchronized state of theInternal Quantum Tunneling Polarons (IQTPs) in which a fraction of the holeoriginally confined to the apical O atoms of the cluster is transferred ontothe planar O. This combination of experimental results and theory demonstratesthat the Sr-O dielectric layer of cuprates most likely plays an important rolein high temperature superconductivity via its collective charge dynamics thatextends into the $CuO_2$ conducting planes.

Correlation of strontium anharmonicity with charge-lattice dynamics of the apical oxygens and their coupling to cuprate superconductivity