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When an unprecedented infectious disease with high mortality andtransmissibility emerges, immediate usage of vaccines or medicines is hardlyavailable. Thus, many health authorities rely on non-pharmaceuticalinterventions through traceable fixed contacts. However, in reality, there isan additional type of transmission routes to the regular and fixed contacts:the random anonymous infection cases where non-pharmaceutical interventions arehardly feasible. In our study, such realistic situations are implemented by thesusceptible-infected-recovered model with isolation on multiplex networks. Themultiplex networks are composed of a fixed interaction layer and a layer withtime-varying random interactions to represent the different types of diseasespreading routes. The multiplex networks represent the combinations of thequenched disorder and annealed disorder. Here, we suggest a preemptiveisolation protocol which isolates the second nearest neighbors of thehospitalized individuals and compare it with one of the most popular protocoladopted by many health organizations over the globe. From numerical simulationswe find that our preemptive measure significantly reduces both the finalepidemic size and the number of the isolated per unit time. Our findingsuggests a better non-pharmaceutical intervention which can be adopted tovarious types of diseases even though the contact tracing is only partiallyavailable.

A simple and efficient model for epidemic control on multiplex networks