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Despite the surprising power of many modern AI systems that often learn theirown representations, there is significant discontent about their inscrutabilityand the attendant problems in their ability to interact with humans. Whilealternatives such as neuro-symbolic approaches have been proposed, there is alack of consensus on what they are about. There are often two independentmotivations (i) symbols as a lingua franca for human-AI interaction and (ii)symbols as system-produced abstractions used by the AI system in its internalreasoning. The jury is still out on whether AI systems will need to use symbolsin their internal reasoning to achieve general intelligence capabilities.Whatever the answer there is, the need for (human-understandable) symbols inhuman-AI interaction seems quite compelling. Symbols, like emotions, may wellnot be sine qua non for intelligence per se, but they will be crucial for AIsystems to interact with us humans -- as we can neither turn off our emotionsnor get by without our symbols. In particular, in many human-designed domains,humans would be interested in providing explicit (symbolic) knowledge andadvice -- and expect machine explanations in kind. This alone requires AIsystems to to maintain a symbolic interface for interaction with humans. Inthis blue sky paper, we argue this point of view, and discuss researchdirections that need to be pursued to allow for this type of human-AIinteraction.

Symbols as a Lingua Franca for Bridging Human-AI Chasm for Explainable and Advisable AI Systems