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The general structure of semi-inclusive polarized electron scattering frompolarized spin-1/2 targets is developed for use at all energy scales, frommodest-energy nuclear physics applications to use in very high energy particlephysics. The leptonic and hadronic tensors that enter in the formalism areconstructed in a general covariant way in terms of kinematic factors that areframe dependent but model independent and invariant response functions whichcontain all of the model-dependent dynamics. In the process of developing thegeneral problem the relationships to the conventional responses expressed interms of the helicity components of the exchanged virtual photon are presented.For semi-inclusive electron scattering with polarized electrons and polarizedspin-1/2 targets one finds that 18 invariant response functions are required,each depending on four Lorentz scalar invariants. Additionally it is shown howthe semi-inclusive cross sections are related via integrations over themomentum of the selected coincidence particle and sums over open channels.

General Tensor Structure for Inclusive and Semi-inclusive Electron Scattering from Polarized Spin 1/2 Targets