English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Extremely large-scale massive MIMO (XL-MIMO) is a promising technique forfuture 6G communications.However, existing far-field or near-field channelmodel mismatches the hybrid-field channel feature in the practical XL-MIMOsystem.Thus,existing far-field and near-field channel estimation schemes cannotbe directly used to accurately estimate the hybrid-field XL-MIMO channel. Tosolve this problem, we propose an efficient hybrid-field channel estimationscheme by accurately modeling the XL-MIMO channel.Specifically,we firstlyreveal the hybrid-field channel feature of the XL-MIMO channel, where differentscatters may be in far-field or near-field region.Then, we propose ahybrid-field channel model to capture this feature, which contains both thefar-field and near-field path components. Finally, we propose a hybrid-fieldchannel estimation scheme, where the far-field and near-field path componentsare respectively estimated. Simulation results show that the proposed schemeperforms better than existing schemes.

Channel Estimation for Extremely Large-Scale Massive MIMO: Far-Field, Near-Field, or Hybrid-Field?