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Due to the complex interactions between rare-earth elements and transitionmetals, as well as/or themselves, rare-earth transition-metal oxides are likelyto exhibit highly intriguing and novel magnetic structures and dynamicbehaviours. Rare-earth elements in these compounds frequently demonstrateunusual behaviours in their crystal-field (CF) excitations, which necessitatethorough research for in-depth comprehensions. When cooling from 10 K to 1.5 Kvia the magnetic ordering temperature of Er3+ at 4.1 K, we observed asignificant energy shift of the low-lying CF excitation of Er3+ in ErFeO3 from0.35 meV to 0.75 meV utilizing the inelastic neutron-scattering technique. Asound CF model was proposed for Er3+ in ErFeO3 by fitting to the observed CFexcitation peaks, which enables to explain all the observed experimentalresults in a very consistent manner. According to the model, the ground crystalfield level of Er3+, which corresponds to the lowest Kramers doublet supposedto be at zero energy, has been shifted by the internal magnetic fields inducedby both Er3+ and Fe3+ spin orders below and above the Er3+ orderingtemperature, respectively. Additional measurements in various magnetic fieldsoffer compelling evidence in favour of this hypothesis. The measured externalfield dependence of the CF excitation energy led to the derivation of theinternal field of Er3+ as 0.33 meV, which is strongly corroborated bytheoretical modelling. Additionally, the effective g-factor for Er3+ in ErFeO3showed an exceptionally significant anisotropy.

Giant shifts of crystal-field excitations in ErFeO3 driven by internal magnetic fields