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In this paper, we consider the design of a multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) transmitter which simultaneously functions as a MIMO radar and a basestation for downlink multiuser communications. In addition to a powerconstraint, we require the covariance of the transmit waveform be equal to agiven optimal covariance for MIMO radar, to guarantee the radar performance.With this constraint, we formulate and solve thesignal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) balancing problem for multiusertransmit beamforming via convex optimization. Considering that the interferencecannot be completely eliminated with this constraint, we introduce dirty papercoding (DPC) to further cancel the interference, and formulate the SINRbalancing and sum rate maximization problem in the DPC regime. Although both ofthe two problems are non-convex, we show that they can be reformulated toconvex optimizations via the Lagrange and downlink-uplink duality. In addition,we propose gradient projection based algorithms to solve the equivalent dualproblem of SINR balancing, in both transmit beamforming and DPC regimes. Thesimulation results demonstrate significant performance improvement of DPC overtransmit beamforming, and also indicate that the degrees of freedom for thecommunication transmitter is restricted by the rank of the covariance.

Transmit Design for Joint MIMO Radar and Multiuser Communications with Transmit Covariance Constraint