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The design of a conical phased array antenna for air traffic control (ATC)radar systems is addressed in this work. The array, characterized by a fullydigital beam-forming (DBF) architecture, is composed of equal vertical modulesconsisting of linear sparse arrays able to generate on receive multipleinstantaneous beams pointing along different elevation directions. Thesynthesis problem is cast in the Compressive Sensing (CS) framework to achievethe best trade-off between the antenna complexity (i.e., minimum number ofarray elements and/or radio frequency components) and radiation performance(i.e., matching of a set of reference patterns). Towards this aim, thepositions of the array elements and the set of complex element excitations ofeach beam are jointly defined through a customized CS-based optimization tool.Representative numerical results, concerned with ideal as well as real antennamodels, are reported and discussed to validate the proposed design strategy andpoint out the features of the deigned modular sparse arrays also in comparisonwith those obtained from conventional arrays with uniformly spaced elements.

Modular Sparse Conical Multi-beam Phased Array Design for Air Traffic Control Radar