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Massive multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) wireless systemsoperating at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies enable simultaneous widebanddata transmission to a large number of users. In order to reduce the complexityof MU precoding in all-digital basestation architectures, we propose atwo-stage precoding architecture that first performs precoding using a sparsematrix in the beamspace domain, followed by an inverse fast Fourier transformthat converts the result to the antenna domain. The sparse precoding matrixrequires a small number of multipliers and enables regular hardwarearchitectures, which allows the design of hardware-efficient all-digitalprecoders. Simulation results demonstrate that our methods approach theerror-rate of conventional Wiener filter precoding with more than 2x reducedcomplexity.

Hardware-Aware Beamspace Precoding for All-Digital mmWave Massive MU-MIMO