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We challenge the current thinking and approach to the design of photonicintegrated circuits (PICs) for applications in communications, quantuminformation and sensing. The standard PICs are based on directional couplers,that provide a wide range of functionalities but do not fully respond to themajor technological challenges: massive parallelisation of transmissionchannels, low-energy dissipation and small footprint. We propose a new conceptfor design of PICs with the ultimate downscaling capability, the absence ofgeometric loss and a high-fidelity throughput. This is achieved by a periodiccontinuous-time quantum walk of photons through waveguide arrays that leverageson the simple and effective algebraic approach to engineering waveguidecouplings. We demonstrate the potential of the new concept by reconsidering thedesign of basic building blocks of the information and sensing systems:interconnects, multiport couplers, entanglement generators and interferometers.An extensive feasibility check in dielectric and semiconductor fabricationplatforms confirmed this potential.

A new concept for design of photonic integrated circuits with the ultimate density and low loss