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Recently, two photon PDF sets based on implementations of the LUX ansatz intothe CT18 global analysis were released. In CT18lux, the photon PDF iscalculated directly using the LUX master formula for all scales, $\mu$. In analternative realization, CT18qed, the photon PDF is initialized at the startingscale, $\mu_0$, using the LUX formulation and evolved to higher scales$\mu(>\mu_0)$ with a combined QED+QCD kernel at$\mathcal{O}(\alpha),~\mathcal{O}(\alpha\alpha_s)$ and $\mathcal{O}(\alpha^2)$.In the small-$x$ region, the photon PDF uncertainty is mainly induced by thequark and gluon PDFs, through the perturbative DIS structure functions. Incomparison, the large-$x$ photon uncertainty comes from various low-energy,nonperturbative contributions, including variations of the inelastic structurefunctions in the resonance and continuum regions, higher-twist and target-masscorrections, and elastic electromagnetic form factors of the proton. We takethe production of doubly-charged Higgs pairs, $(H^{++}H^{--})$, as an exampleof scenarios beyond the Standard Model to illustrate the phenomenologicalimplications of these photon PDFs at the LHC.

The photon content of the proton in the CT18 global analysis