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Social connections that span across diverse urban neighborhoods can helpindividual prosperity by mobilizing social capital in cities. Yet, how thedetailed spatial structure of social capital varies in lower- and higher-incomeurban neighborhoods is less understood. This paper demonstrates that the socialcapital measured on social networks is spatially more concentrated forresidents of lower-income neighborhoods than for residents of higher-incomeneighborhoods. We map the micro-geography of individual online socialconnections in the 50 largest metropolitan areas of the US using a large-scalegeolocalized Twitter dataset. We then analyze the spatial dimension ofindividual social capital by the share of friends, closure, and share ofsupported ties within circles of short distance radiuses (1, 5, and 10~km)around users' home location. We compare residents from below-median incomeneighborhoods with above-median income neighborhoods, and find that usersliving in relatively poorer neighborhoods have a significantly higher share ofconnections in close proximity. Moreover, their network is more cohesive andsupported within a short distance from their home. These patterns prevailacross the 50 largest US metropolitan areas with only a few exceptions. Thefound disparities in the micro-geographic concentration of social capital canfeed segregation and income inequality within cities harming social circles oflow-income residents.

Spatially concentrated social capital of urban residents