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Pedestrians are often encountered walking in the company of some socialrelations, rather than alone. The social groups thus formed, in variableproportions depending on the context, are not randomly organised but exhibitdistinct features, such as the well-known tendency of 3-member groups to bearranged in a V-shape. The existence of group structures is thus likely toimpact the collective dynamics of the crowd, possibly in a critical way whenemergency situations are considered. After turning a blind eye to these groupaspects for years, endeavours to model groups in crowd simulation software havethrived in the past decades. This fairly short review opens on a description oftheir empirical characteristics and their impact on the global flow. Then, itaims to offer a pedagogical discussion of the main strategies to model suchgroups, within different types of models, in order to provide guidance forprospective modellers.

Social groups in pedestrian crowds: Review of their influence on the dynamics and their modelling