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Social accountability refers to promoting good governance by making rulingelites more responsive. In Bangladesh, where bureaucracy and legislatureoperate with little effective accountability or checks and balances,traditional horizontal or vertical accountability proved to be very blunt andweak. In the presence of such faulty mechanisms, ordinary citizens access toinformation is frequently denied, and their voices are kept mute. It impassesthe formation of an enabling environment, where activists and civil societyinstitutions representing the ordinary peoples interest are activelydiscouraged. They become vulnerable to retribution. Social accountability, onthe other hand, provides an enabling environment for activists and civilsociety institutions to operate freely. Thus, leaders and administration becomemore accountable to people. An enabling environment means providing legalprotection, enhancing the availability of information and increasing citizenvoice, strengthening institutional and public service capacities and directingincentives that foster accountability. Donors allocate significant shares ofresources to encouraging civil society to partner with elites rather thanholding them accountable. This paper advocate for a stronger legal environmentto protect critical civil society and whistle-blowers, and for independentgrant-makers tasked with building strong, self-regulating social accountabilityinstitutions.  Key Words: Accountability, Legal Protection, Efficiency, Civil Society,Responsiveness

Towards an enabling environment for social accountability in Bangladesh