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Present semiconductor research is increasingly focusing on either higherspeeds or higher linearity or both. Applications range from consumer,industrial, healthcare and military. Typically such circuits are fabricated intoday's low-voltage CMOS processes using silicon and in few cases BJT-CMOScombined like Gallium-Arsenide or Indium-Phosphide. These technology nodes facea plethora of problems like reduction of dynamic range of the circuit due tomismatch, distortion, noise, thermal and electromigration issues due toexcessive currents, etc. Compounding these problems is the issue with lowerachievable gain from an amplifier which often gets limited due to lower supplyvoltages in such technology nodes. Slowly circuit techniques like chopping,cascoding, cascading and calibration are nearing their limits. In this paper wepresent a radically different approach to our regular analog design buildingblocks using macroscopic quantum effects which have hitherto not found favourwith the design community. We will solely focus on the effect ofsuperconductivity and adopting its macroscopic phenomena to amplifiers,integrators and comparators. Using staggered superconductors we can achieve again which depends only on physical quantum constants and remains invariantunder process, temperature, supply, interference, etc. This robustness of gainin an amplifier goes a long way in attaining higher linearity. The comparatorcan resolve a minimum of 2.07fT magnetic flux but when embedded inside aDelta-Sigma loop can typically attain 100 times smaller resolution pushing theboundaries of sensing.

Superconducting Quantum Amplifier-Integrator in Ultra-High Speed Continuous-time Delta-Sigma Converter