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Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is recognized as aunifying framework for modeling a wide range of problems. Problems can besolved with commercial solvers customized for solving QUBO and since QUBO havedegree two, it is useful to have a method for transforming higher degreepseudo-Boolean problems to QUBO format. The standard transformation approachrequires additional auxiliary variables supported by penalty terms for eachhigher degree term. This paper improves on the existing cubic-to-quadratictransformation approach by minimizing the number of additional variables aswell as penalty coefficient. Extensive experimental testing on Max 3-SATmodeled as QUBO shows a near 100% reduction in the subproblem size used forminimization of the number of auxiliary variables.

Efficient QUBO transformation for Higher Degree Pseudo Boolean Functions