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The IceCube Neutrino Observatory provides the opportunity to perform uniquemeasurements of cosmic-ray air showers with its combination of a surface arrayand a deep detector. Electromagnetic particles and low-energy muons ($\sim$GeV)are detected by IceTop, while a bundle of high-energy muons ($\gtrsim$400 GeV)can be measured in coincidence in IceCube. Predictions of air-showerobservables based on simulations show a strong dependence on the choice of thehigh-energy hadronic interaction model. By reconstructing differentcomposition-dependent observables, one can provide strong tests of hadronicinteraction models, as these measurements should be consistent with oneanother. In this work, we present an analysis of air-shower data between 2.5and 80 PeV, comparing the composition interpretation of measurements of thesurface muon density, the slope of the IceTop lateral distribution function,and the energy loss of the muon bundle, using the models Sibyll 2.1,QGSJet-II.04 and EPOS-LHC. We observe inconsistencies in all models underconsideration, suggesting they do not give an adequate description ofexperimental data. The results furthermore imply a significant uncertainty inthe determination of the cosmic-ray mass composition through indirectmeasurements.

Testing Hadronic Interaction Models with Cosmic Ray Measurements at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory