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Highway on-ramps are regarded as typical bottlenecks in transportationnetworks. In previous work, mainline vehicles' selfish lane choice behavior aton-ramps is studied and regarded as one cause leading to on-ramp inefficiency.When on-ramp vehicles plan to merge into the mainline of the highway, mainlinevehicles choose to either stay steadfast on the current lane or bypass themerging area by switching to a neighboring lane farther from the on-ramp.Selfish vehicles make the decisions to minimize their own travel delay, whichcompromises the efficiency of the whole on-ramp. Results in previous work haveshown that, if we can encourage a proper portion of mainline vehicles to bypassrather than to stay steadfast, the social traffic conditions can be improved.In this work, we consider employing a proportion of altruistic vehicles amongthe selfish mainline vehicles to improve the efficiency of the on-ramps. Thealtruistic vehicles are individual optimizers, making decisions whether to staysteadfast or bypass to minimize their own altruistic cost, which is a weightedsum of the travel delay and their negative impact on other vehicles. We firstconsider the ideal case that altruistic costs can be perfectly measured byaltruistic vehicles. We give the conditions for the proportion of altruisticvehicles and the weight configuration of the altruistic costs, under which thesocial delay can be decreased or reach the optimal. Subsequently, we considerthe impact of uncertainty in the measurement of altruistic costs and we givethe optimal weight configuration for altruistic vehicles which minimizes theworst-case social delay under such uncertainty.

Employing Altruistic Vehicles at On-ramps to Improve the Social Traffic Conditions