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Three-body recombination is a phenomenon common in atomic and molecularcollisions, producing heating in the system. However, we find the coolingeffect of the three-body recombination of a 6Li Fermi gas near its s-wavenarrow Feshbach resonance. Such counter-intuitive behavior is explained asfollows, the threshold energy of the quasi-bounded Feshbach molecule acts asthe knife of cooling, expelling the scattering atoms with selected kineticenergy from the trap. When the threshold energy happens to be larger than3/2kBT, each lost atom in the three-body recombination process has more than3kBT energy which results in cooling. The best cooling is found with thethreshold energy set at about 3kBT, consistent with a theoretical model. Thethree-body recombination induced cooling raises potential applications forcooling complex atomic systems.

Cooling a Fermi gas with three-body recombination near a narrow Feshbach resonance