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Optically controllable solid-state spin qubits are one of the basic buildingblocks for applied quantum technology. Efficient extraction of emitted photonsand a robust spin-photon interface are crucial for the realization of quantumsensing protocols and essential for the implementation of quantum repeaters.Though silicon carbide (SiC) is a very promising material platform hostinghighly-coherent silicon vacancy spin qubits, a drawback for their practicalapplication is the unfavorable ordering of the electronic levels in theoptically excited state. Here, we demonstrate that due to polytypism of SiC, aparticular type of silicon vacancy qubits in 6H-SiC possesses an unusualinverted fine structure. This results in the directional emission of lightalong the hexagonal crystallographic axis, making photon extraction moreefficient and integration into photonic structures technologicallystraightforward. From the angular polarization dependencies of the emission, wereconstruct the spatial symmetry and determine the optical selection rulesdepending on the local deformation and spin-orbit interaction, enabling directimplementation of robust spin-photon entanglement schemes. Furthermore, theinverted fine structure leads to unexpected behavior of the spin readoutcontrast. It vanishes and recovers with lattice cooling due to two competingoptical spin pumping mechanisms. Our experimental and theoretical approachesprovide a deep insight into the optical and spin properties of atomic-scalequbits in SiC required for quantum communication and distributed quantuminformation processing.

Inverted fine structure of a 6H-SiC qubit enabling robust spin-photon interface