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CaxBa1-xNb2O6 (CBN) ferroelectric is isostructural with SrxBa1-xNb2O6 (SBN)that is a prototypical ferroelectric of tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB)structure, but shows a much higher Curie temperature Tc than SBN, providing awider operation temperature for electro-optical devices. Here, we report thephase diagram and phase transition of CBN solid solution that are still lack ofunderstanding. We show that CBN can be stably formed within a solid solutionrange of 0.19 <= x <= 0.32. In sharp contrast to SBN that shows crossover fromferroelectric to relaxor around x~ 0.5, CBN merely exhibits a well-definedfirst-order phase transition in the whole solid solution range but showspolarization precursor dynamics before transition into the ferroelectric phase.We found that the local polarization exponentially grows with temperature fromthe Burns temperature TB toward Tc. The local polarization was estimated togrow up to several tens pC/cm-^2 before transition into the ferroelectricphase. Moreover, we found that the substitution of Ca for Ba lowers Tc and TBand there is a linear correlation between Tc and the length of polar c-axis,which can be attributed to the chemical pressure effects. These findings mayprovide a deep insight into the nature of phase transition in the TTB structureoxides.

Phase transition and exponential growth of the local polarization in CaxBa1-xNb2O6 ferroelectric