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Traditionally, origami has been categorized into two groups according totheir kinematics design: rigid and non-rigid origami. However, suchcategorization can be superficial, and rigid origami can obtain new mechanicalproperties by intentionally relaxing the rigid-folding kinematics. Based onnumerical simulations using the bar-hinge approach and experiments, this studyexamines the multi-stability of a stacked Miura-origami cellular structure withdifferent levels of facet compliance. The simulation and experiment resultsshow that a unit cell in such cellular solid exhibits only two stable states ifit follows the rigid origami kinematics; however, two more stable states arereachable if the origami facets become sufficiently compliant. Moreover, theswitch between two certain stable states shows an asymmetric energy barrier,meaning that the unit cell follows fundamentally different deformation pathswhen it extends from one state to another compared to the opposite compressionswitch. As a result, the reaction force required for extending this unit cellbetween these two states can be higher than the compression switch. Suchasymmetric multi-stability can be fine-tuned by tailoring the underlyingorigami design, and it can be extended into cellular solids with carefullyplaced voids. By showing the benefits of exploiting facet compliance, thisstudy could foster multi-functional structures and material systems thattraditional rigid origami cannot create.

Asymmetric Multi-Stability from Relaxing the Rigid-Folding Conditions in a Stacked Miura-ori Cellular Solid