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Ion traps are promising architectures for implementing scalable quantumcomputing, but they suffer from excessive "anomalous" heating that preventstheir full potential from being realized. This heating, which is orders ofmagnitude larger than that expected from Johnson-Nyquist noise, results in ionmotion that leads to decoherence and reduced fidelity in quantum logic gates.The exact origin of anomalous heating is an open question, but experimentspoint to adsorbates on trap electrodes as a likely source. Many differentmodels of anomalous heating have been proposed, but these models have yet topinpoint the atomistic origin of the experimentally-observed $1/\omega$electric field noise scaling observed in ion traps at frequencies between0.1-10 MHz. In this work, we perform the first computational study of the iontrap electric field noise produced by the motions of multiple monolayers ofadsorbates described by first principles potentials. In so doing, we show thatcorrelated adsorbate motions play a definitive role in producing $1/\omega$noise and identify candidate collective adsorbate motions, includingtranslational and rotational motions of adsorbate patches and multilayerexchanges, that give rise to $1/\omega$ scaling at the MHz frequenciestypically employed in ion traps. These results demonstrate that multi-adsorbatesystems, even simple ones, can give rise to a set of activated motions that canproduce the $1/\omega$ noise observed in ion traps and that collective, ratherthan individual, adsorbate motions are much more likely to give rise tolow-frequency heating.

How Correlated Adsorbate Dynamics on Realistic Substrates Can Give Rise to 1/{\omega} Electric-Field Noise in Surface Ion Traps