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Supporting reliable and seamless wireless connectivity for unmanned aerialvehicles (UAVs) has recently become a critical requirement to enable variousdifferent use cases of UAVs. Due to their widespread deployment footprint,cellular networks can support beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS)communications for UAVs. In this paper, we consider cellular connected UAVs(C-UAVs) that are served by massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) linksto extend coverage range, while also improving physical layer security andauthentication. We consider Rician channel and propose a novel linear precoderdesign for transmitting data and artificial noise (AN). We derive theclosed-form expression of the ergodic secrecy rate of C-UAVs for bothconventional and proposed precoder designs. In addition, we obtain the optimalpower splitting factor that divides the power between data and AN by asymptoticanalysis. Then, we apply the proposed precoder design in the fingerprintembedding authentication framework, where the goal is to minimize theprobability of detection of the authentication tag at an eavesdropper. Insimulation results, we show the superiority of the proposed precoder in bothsecrecy rate and the authentication probability considering moderate and largenumber of antenna massive MIMO scenarios.

Precoder Design for Physical-Layer Security and Authentication in Massive MIMO UAV Communications