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With the aim to parallelize and monitor biological or biochemical phenomena,trapping and immobilization of objects such as particles, droplets or cells inmicrofluidic devices has been an intense area of research and engineering sofar. Either being passive or active, these microfluidic devices are usuallycomposed of arrays of elementary traps with various levels of sophistication.For a given array, it is important to have an efficient and fast immobilizationof the highest number of objects, while optimizing the spatial homogeneity ofthe trapping over the whole chip. For passive devices, this has been achievedwith two-layers structures, making the fabrication process more complex. Inthis work, we designed small microfluidic traps by single-layer direct laserwriting into a photoresist, and we show that even in this simplest case, theorientation of the main flow of particles with respect to the traps have adrastic effect on the trapping efficiency and homogeneity. To better understandthis phenomenon, we have considered two different flow geometries: parallel andoblique with respect to the traps array, and compared quantitatively theimmobilization of particles with various sizes and densities. Using imageanalysis, we show that diagonal flows gives a spatial distribution of the traploading that is more homogeneous over the whole chip as compared to thestraight ones, and by performing FEM and trapping simulation, we propose aqualitative explanation of this phenomenon.

Enhancing the capture efficiency and homogeneity of single-layer flow-through trapping microfluidic devices using oblique hydrodynamic streams