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Electrohydrodynamic instabilities of fluid-fluid interfaces can be exploitedin various microfluidic applications in order to enhance mixing, replicatewell-controlled patterns or generate drops of a particular size. In this work,we study the stability and dynamics of a system of three superimposed layers oftwo immiscible fluids subject to a normal electric field. Following theTaylor-Melcher leaky dielectric model, the bulk remains electroneutral while anet charge accumulates on the interfaces. The interfacial charge dynamics iscaptured by a conservation equation accounting for Ohmic conduction, advectionby the flow and finite charge relaxation. Using this model, we perform a linearstability analysis and identify different modes of instability, and wecharacterize the behavior of the system as a function of the relevantdimensionless groups in each mode. Further, we perform numerical simulationsusing the boundary element method in order to study the effect ofnonlinearities on long-time interfacial dynamics. We demonstrate how thecoupling of flow and surface charge transport in different modes of instabilitycan give rise to nonlinear phenomena such as tip streaming or pinching of thefilm into droplets.

Electrohydrodynamic instabilities in freely suspended viscous films under normal electric fields