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Phase-locked laser arrays have been extensively investigated in terms oftheir stability and nonlinear dynamics. Specifically, enhancing thephase-locking stability allows laser arrays to generate high-power andsteerable coherent optical beams for a plethora of applications, includingremote sensing and optical communications. Compared to other couplingarchitectures, laterally coupled lasers are especially desirable since theyallow for denser integration and simpler fabrication process. Here, we presentthe theoretical effects of varying the spontaneous emission factor $\beta$, animportant parameter for micro- and nanoscale lasers, on the stabilityconditions of phase-locking for two laterally coupled semiconductor lasers.Through bifurcation analyses, we observe that increasing $\beta$ contributes tothe expanding of the in-phase stability region under all scenarios considered,including complex coupling coefficients, varying pump rates, and frequencydetuning. Moreover, the effect is more pronounced for $\beta$ approaching 1,thus underlining the significant advantages of implementing nanolasers withintrinsically high $\beta$ in phase-locked laser arrays for high-powergeneration. We also show that the steady-state phase differences can be widelytuned - up to $\pi$ radians - by asymmetrically pumping high-$\beta$ coupledlasers. This demonstrates the potential of high-$\beta$ nanolasers in buildingnext-generation optical phased arrays requiring wide scanning angles withultra-high resolution.

Effects of High-$\beta$ on Phase-locking Stability and Tunability in Laterally Coupled Lasers