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Gas discharges produced by electromagnetic (EM) surface waves (SW) owe theirionization to the electric field component of the wave acting on the chargedparticles. Tubular plasmas of this type can be obtained over an unmatched rangeof operating conditions, namely the frequency of the wave, the inner radius ofthe discharge tube, the density and the nature of the carrier gas. Theanalytical and numerical modeling of these plasmas has so far generallyconsisted in considering the wave and the associated plasma column as a whole,which amounts to assuming that the plasma column along which the wavepropagates affects the properties of the wave. This is not the case: ourassertion is based on the experimental fact that the axial distribution of theelectron density along a plasma column supported by a surface wave is linear(constant slope) until its termination, whatever the operating conditions. Thelinearity of these plots (from various laboratories) is statistically validatedby linear least-squares regressions that provide a high coefficient ofdetermination. On the other hand, it is shown that any attempt to incorporateplasma column characteristics into the SW equations alters the linearity of theaxial electron density profile, particularly towards the end of the column.This intrinsic linearity results from the transfer of power from the SW to thedischarge gas that it ionizes as if it were a weakly dissipative (passive)medium. Indeed, the power attenuation coefficient {\alpha}(z) of the guidedwave depends only on ne(z), the axial electron density, such that it is locallyproportional to the power flux (as observed). This requirement is in fact theexpression of the stability (existence) criterion governing the axial powerflow along discharges supported by the propagation of an electromagnetic wave.

Plasma columns generated by the propagation of an electromagnetic surface wave have no effect on the properties of the wave