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Phase aberration is one of the main contributors to image degradation inultrasound imaging. Normalized-Cross-Correlation (NCC) is one of the mostextensively studied techniques to estimate the arrival delay error and theaberration profile. \textit{However, the performance of NCC can be compromisedwhen the data have a poor signal-to-noise-ratio.} Here we propose an iterativefiltered NCC (f-NCC) method to estimate phase aberration in speckle regionsfrom the noisy radio-frequency data of a single frame of synthetic transmitaperture (STA) image. First, two-dimensional filters were applied in theaperture and temporal domains to suppress noise and off-axis signals in thetransmit beamformed data from an arbitrary speckle region. Second, an iterativemethod that included the phase aberration in both the transmission andreceiving process was used to estimate the phase aberration. Third, theestimation were improved by correcting the edge effect with an iterativezero-padding technique. Last, in the experimental study, we proposed andvalidated a formula to estimate the arrival time error caused by a sound speederror. The results from both the numerical simulations and experimental studiesconfirm that the proposed filtered NCC method can estimate the phase aberrationprofile correctly from noisy STA RF data in a speckle region. Image quality interms of contrast, resolution and image signal-to-noise-ratio was improved.Potential applications of the proposed method to map local speed of samples arealso discussed.

Estimating Phase Aberration from Noisy Radiofrequency Data of a single frame of Synthetic Aperture Ultrasound Image