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Attention is an indispensable component of active vision. Contrary to thewidely accepted notion that temporal cortex processing primarily focusses onpassive object recognition, a series of very recent studies emphasize the roleof temporal cortex structures, specifically the superior temporal sulcus (STS)and inferotemporal (IT) cortex, in guiding attention and implementing cognitiveprograms relevant for behavioral tasks. The goal of this theoretical paper isto advance the hypothesis that the temporal cortex attention network (TAN)entails necessary components to actively participate in attentional control ina flexible task-dependent manner. First, we will briefly discuss the generalarchitecture of the temporal cortex with a focus on the STS and IT cortex ofmonkeys and their modulation with attention. Then we will review evidence frombehavioral and neurophysiological studies that support their guidance ofattention in the presence of cognitive control signals. Next, we propose amechanistic framework for executive control of attention in the temporalcortex. Finally, we summarize the role of temporal cortex in implementingcognitive programs and discuss how they contribute to the dynamic nature ofvisual attention to ensure flexible behavior.

The role of temporal cortex in the control of attention