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DRAM is the dominant main memory technology used in modern computing systems.Computing systems implement a memory controller that interfaces with DRAM viaDRAM commands. DRAM executes the given commands using internal components(e.g., access transistors, sense amplifiers) that are orchestrated by DRAMinternal timings, which are fixed foreach DRAM command. Unfortunately, the useof fixed internal timings limits the types of operations that DRAM can performand hinders the implementation of new functionalities and custom mechanismsthat improve DRAM reliability, performance and energy. To overcome theselimitations, we propose enabling programmable DRAM internal timings forcontrolling in-DRAM components. To this end, we design CODIC, a new low-costDRAM substrate that enables fine-grained control over four previously fixedinternal DRAM timings that are key to many DRAM operations. We implement CODICwith only minimal changes to the DRAM chip and the DDRx interface. Todemonstrate the potential of CODIC, we propose two new CODIC-based securitymechanisms that outperform state-of-the-art mechanisms in several ways: (1) anew DRAM Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) that is more robust and hassignificantly higher throughput than state-of-the-art DRAM PUFs, and (2) thefirst cold boot attack prevention mechanism that does not introduce anyperformance or energy overheads at runtime.

CODIC: A Low-Cost Substrate for Enabling Custom In-DRAM Functionalities and Optimizations