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With the goal of a space-based quantum network is to have satellitesdistribute keys between any nodes on the ground, we consider an evolved quantumnetwork from a near-term form, in which a space-based relay, satellite executesa sequence of satellite-based quantum key distribution (SatQKD) missions,allowing any two ground nodes to have a shared secure key. Accordingly, wedevelop a comprehensive framework for the dynamic simulation of SatQKD andconsider scheduling QKD downlink in future space-based quantum communicationnetwork. The embedding of precise orbital model including beam diffractions andatmosphere effects makes our framework more realistic. Incorporated with thelocal meteorological data to channel loss model, the cloud cover contributionto transmission disturbance is quantified to realize a quasi-experimentalscenario. We provide a trade-off consideration between the duration availablefor communications and its corresponding average link loss during one orbit,which could be used to support decisions involving the locations of groundstations and the selection of the orbital parameters for a quantum satellite.Our work also shows that satellite downlink schedule could allow for thepossibility to consider strategies for different SatQKD missions such asextending connection for distant ground nodes, prioritized delivery, orpromoting keys utilization, which can be used as a guideline to supportdecisions for future satellite application.

Exploiting potentialities for space-based quantum communication network: downlink quantum key distribution modelling and scheduling analysis