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Social dialogue, the foundation of our democracies, is currently threatenedby disinformation and partisanship, with their disrupting role on individualand collective awareness and detrimental effects on decision-making processes.Despite a great deal of attention to the news sphere itself, little is knownabout the subtle interplay between the offer and the demand for information.Still, a broader perspective on the news ecosystem, including both theproducers and the consumers of information, is needed to build new tools toassess the health of the infosphere. Here, we combine in the same frameworknews supply, as mirrored by a fairly complete Italian news database - partiallyannotated for fake news, and news demand, as captured through the Google Trendsdata for Italy. Our investigation focuses on the temporal and semanticinterplay of news, fake news, and searches in several domains, including thevirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Two main results emerge. First, disinformation isextremely reactive to people's interests and tends to thrive, especially whenthere is a mismatch between what people are interested in and what news outletsprovide. Second, a suitably defined index can assess the level ofdisinformation only based on the available volumes of news and searches.Although our results mainly concern the Coronavirus subject, we provide hintsthat the same findings can have more general applications. We contend theseresults can be a powerful asset in informing campaigns against disinformationand providing news outlets and institutions with potentially relevantstrategies.

Assessing disinformation through the dynamics of supply and demand in the news ecosystem