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Numerical simulation of the complex plasma dynamics associated with highpower, high frequency microwave breakdown at high pressures, leading to theformation of filamentary plasma structures such as self-organized plasmaarrays, is a computationally challenging problem. The widely used 2D EM-plasmafluid model, which accurately captures the experimental observations, requiresa run-time of several days to months to simulate standard problems due tostringent numerical requirements in terms of cell size and time step. In thispaper, we present a self-aware mesh refinement algorithm which uses a coarsemesh and a fine mesh that dynamically expands based on the plasma profiletopology to resolve the sharp gradients in E-fields and plasma density in thebreakdown region. The dynamic mesh refinement (DMR) technique is explained indetails and its performance has been evaluated using a standard benchmarkmicrowave breakdown problem. We observe a speedup of 8 (of the order of$O(r^{3})$, when refinement factor ($r$) is 2) compared to a traditional singleuniform fine mesh based simulation. The technique is scalable and performsbetter when problem size increases. We also present a comprehensivespatio-temporal visual analysis to explain the complex physics of HPMbreakdown, leading to self-organized plasma filamentation.

Efficient Dynamic Mesh Refinement Technique for Simulation of HPM Breakdown induced Plasma Pattern Formation