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Processing-using-DRAM has been proposed for a limited set of basic operations(i.e., logic operations, addition). However, in order to enable full adoptionof processing-using-DRAM, it is necessary to provide support for more complexoperations. In this paper, we propose SIMDRAM, a flexible general-purposeprocessing-using-DRAM framework that (1) enables the efficient implementationof complex operations, and (2) provides a flexible mechanism to support theimplementation of arbitrary user-defined operations. The SIMDRAM frameworkcomprises three key steps. The first step builds an efficient MAJ/NOTrepresentation of a given desired operation. The second step allocates DRAMrows that are reserved for computation to the operation's input and outputoperands, and generates the required sequence of DRAM commands to perform theMAJ/NOT implementation of the desired operation in DRAM. The third step usesthe SIMDRAM control unit located inside the memory controller to manage thecomputation of the operation from start to end, by executing the DRAM commandsgenerated in the second step of the framework. We design the hardware and ISAsupport for SIMDRAM framework to (1) address key system integration challenges,and (2) allow programmers to employ new SIMDRAM operations without hardwarechanges.  We evaluate SIMDRAM for reliability, area overhead, throughput, and energyefficiency using a wide range of operations and seven real-world applicationsto demonstrate SIMDRAM's generality. Using 16 DRAM banks, SIMDRAM provides (1)88x and 5.8x the throughput, and 257x and 31x the energy efficiency, of a CPUand a high-end GPU, respectively, over 16 operations; (2) 21x and 2.1x theperformance of the CPU and GPU, over seven real-world applications. SIMDRAMincurs an area overhead of only 0.2% in a high-end CPU.

SIMDRAM: An End-to-End Framework for Bit-Serial SIMD Computing in DRAM